Carbureter.



A. WCONNOR.

CARBURETER.

APPLIcmoN mm APR. 5, 19:5.

1,201,493. Patented 0011.111916 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

AUSTIN OCONNOR, F COLLINGWOOD. MELBOURNE, VICTORIA, AUSTRALIA.

CARBURETER.

Application filed Apri) 5, 1915.

said post-town oil Clifton llilh) have in vented :i certain new :uul useful improved Carburetor l'ox lnlernnl-(iomhustion .Ein pines, ul' which (he l'ollowinf:r is a speciiiration.

This invculion relates to internal combustion engine rarhnretei's oi' the type wherein a plurality oi jets are employed, including a pilot or slowl speed jet or device, With the primary object of providing comparative ease in startingr the engine and what is known as flexibility of running.

I-Iitherto many carhnreters have been proposed emhodyinplthe constructional features referred to and it is generally recognized that to easily start a petrol engine a rich explosive mixture is necessary' having an excess oi' spirit, but that when once the engine is started a weaker mixture is both desirable and eeonomimil. It is usual with many carhureters io flood the same if an engine-is difiirult to start in order to provide a rich mixture. This action, however, is very wasteful. In using a pilot jet for slow running it is common for an engine to fail to pick up smoothly when changing from the pilot to a j et for faster running. This is owing,r to the change in the mixture and in some instances it has been proposed to temporarily enrich the mixture to overcome the diiiiculty. Again, should the throttle be suddenly closed the spirit will, owi to its momentum, frequently continue to ow and be wasted. This materially affects economy. Further, the tuning or adjusting of a carbu-A retor for any particular engine or purpose absorbs considerable time and necessitates frequent removal, interchanging and fine adjustment Vof several parts. In making adjustments which aect the jets it is necessary to consider the relationship between them, a pilot or slow speed jet not usually being adjusted without due consideration to the adjustment of any'other jet or jets, or vice versa. The pilot jet, also, in many carbureters is not positively placed out of ac- 'tion when its use is not required and when Specification ot' Letters Patent,

Patented Urt. 17, 1916.

Serial. No. 19,240.

timjmrarily in action when the engine is running,r fast, as l'or example, down hill, uses petrol or spirit to no purpose, economical running being again al'l`ected. Still further, in most instances, should a carburetor be temporarily inclined, owing to irregular road surfaces o1A the like, the spirit is apt to overvflow from the float eli-amber, jet or jets res-ultimer in further and material waste. To overcome this defect the suggestion has been made to dispose. tlul jet o1' jets centrally in relation (o the lloat chamber of the eurburcter. Most carliureiers. however, are comparatively uheconumirai and are lillicnlt to lune for both slow and Fast running' thereby adversely inliueneing?r the flexibility of an engine.

The object of this invention is to provide a carbureter which it is liever necessary to flood and by the use of which an engine may be easilv started when cold.

The invention provides for a maximum of flexibility, a minimum of petrol 0r other spirit consumption, does not inadvertently flood upon uneven roads or inclines, and may be tuned or adjusted in a minimum of time without dismantling any parts whatever. By the invention` further, adjustments for slow and for fast or normal runningr may be quite independently eii'ected and do not in any way infiuence each other. The slow runningl device (the equivalent of a jet) is positively placed out of action when desired and is tuned or adjusted speedily and easily Without dismantling any parts. Tuning or adjusting for fast or normal runningr is effected with equal ease and without considering thej` slow speed adjustments.

The inyention includes a waiting supply of spirit to form a rich mixture when starting is attempted, a weaker mixture, adjustable in quality, being automatically provided when starting has been effected, without adjusting the throttle. Upon this mixture the engine runs slowly.

Thelihvention also includes, in combination with the foregoing, the provision of a waiting supply o spirit to mainte', the evenness of or regulate the diminishinqiliehness of,the mixture when the speed is to 1be increased preventing any upsettingr or break in the mixture; and it automatically provides a weaker mixture, adjustable in quality, when the speed has increased or the en 'ne has picked up.

he invention consists in preventing waste the smid collar 8.

either through the slow speed device or the umili jet by retin-dini.'` thil supply of spirit to the, slow spi-rd di rire il it is brought into ul'tion when (he` engine if. ruiming eornpuliiv tively fusi, und by lin-uniting n i-.ontinuunee of the. flow o1' the spirit should the throttle be suddenly closed with the engine running :rt :i voinpuratirely birh speed.

l: inning :i f-irbureter ueiordiug to the. intention three features ure considered, vizz simi speed, pick up, und tin-1t or nor- .mul speed.

The invention also includes numerous constructioniil features two of the more important of which are, :t central position of the rnnin jet in relation to the float chamber to revent over-flow or flooding on inelines, and) the instantaneous removal ol' the nwdle valve :ind controlling llouts from the seid float chamber.

Experiment hns shonn that the invention is easily und quickly tuned or Adjusted. is extremely economical in use unil renders :in engine exceptionally flexible und e-.isy to start. But in order that this invention muy be better understood reference will new be made to the accompanying sheet of drawings, which are to be taken as part of this specicution und read herewith Figure l is '.1 sectional detail Vview of portion of u cnrbureter cover showing the means of locking the sume. Fig. 2 is nr longitudinal section of ai carburetor according to this invention, the throttle being open. Fig. 3 is a pzirt ser-tional pliin of the inrention. Fig. 4 is a reduced perspective View of the floats and nppurtenimccs, separated from each other for convenience of illustration. Fig. 5 is i view of .i slow speed air tube and adjusting needle. Fig. (i is u sectional View, taken on line A,y Fig. 3, showing a slow speed air tube and adjusting needle.

'lfhe invention ini-hides n petrol or spirit deli\er ,f pipe passing from u storage tank or tluI like :ind eoinmunientin v with an entrance hoh` 3 formed in a shell consisting of a linut chamber 4. Around,the hole is formed ii vulve senting 5 engaging which is the lower eoned end 6 of a. needle valve 7 disposed within the tloiit elumiber. The upper end ot' the needle vulve 7 upstands 1n the lient chamber and carriesii collar 8 having upper :uid lower lian es. Formed in the upper cnil of the need e valve ay be a saw cut 9. Engu'fing the collar, 8 lliiitween the lnngcs thereotl :ire the outer ends of two ohms 1Q, one disposed at each side of The inner ends-of the arms l0` :ire secured tov a` ro cross member 11 within the float Chamber. Att each end of the 'cross member 11 is secured, the upper'end of a; vertical member 12. Secured to the lower end of enchvertical member 12 is a segmental @retirer Heat 13 of QW desired character. Integral with tno upper end o'l' euch rertienl member 12 is u lug 14 having therein :i pin hole. Corresponding with tlul pin hole formed in euch lug is a pin hole formed iu si corresponding lug 15 carried ut one i-nd of il stutiomlry cross member 1U. `l`his member 16 is supported by :i longitudinnl tube 1T passing through the tlout rlnunber 1. The tube 17 is open ut eiieh end. llugaiging the pin holes und pivoting the lugs 1t of the rocking member il to the stationary member 1U nre outturned piir.-y 18 carried ut the outer ends of the legis; 19 of it spring bow 20.

.isposeil across the li'mgitudinal tube 1T is it needle vulve uide 21 through which the needle valve 7 )efore mentioned passes.

The float clmn'iber -l is closed by u cover 22 having therein an nir hole 23 and :i central hole. Around the ventral hole is n depend ingr central collar 21 having formed therein u pin holo. Passing through the pin hole is the inner end o1' u slide pin 2.3 inning thereon zi` iollnr or the like 21' nguifnst which bears one end oi' n spring 2T enrireling;- the snid pin 2.3. The outer end ol` the spring 27 beurs against an outer eollzir 28 depending from the rover 22 and passing around the upper edge of the float chinnber 4. Outstanding from the outer eolliir 28 is a circumferential [lange 29. the pin 25 asses through the said outer collar 28 an is provided with a finger head 30 havin formed therein a step or out-cut 3l where the pin 25 maybe drawn out wardly an retained in its outward position by engagin the inner end of the head with the circumferential flange 29 of the outer coller 28. By slightly turning the seiidy pin 2,5 the step or 0ut-cut 31 disengages the inner end of the head 30 from the said flange 29 and permits the said pin 25 to move inwardly :ind look the cover 22 as will be hereinaftermore fully described.

Formed in the shell and passing from the float chamber L is a first slow speed spirit passageway 32 communicating with which is' ii second slow speed spirit passageway 33. l

Above the cond passageway 33 is a starting well 3l Olfmed in the shell and situated at the bottom of a slow speed mixing chamber 35.

Dependingl into the well 34 and passing through the mixingchnmber 35 is the lower end of'aslow speed air tube 36 the upper end of which has formed therein opposite air inlet ho es 37. The tube 36 is removable and may b tidjustable in relation. to the well 34. Threadedinto the upper end of the air tube 301s the enlarged outer end 3S of a slow speed adJustiug needle 39. This passes through the tube 3G end is of less diameter than theV sume. It is adjustable/in relation tothe tube 36 andis; provided with a coned limer end 40- adapted toA control the exit of the second slow speed spirit passageway 33 The outer end oF I lll] before referred to. Formed in the shell and passing from the slow speed mixing chamber 35 is a mixture transfer passageway 41 terminating in an elongated opening or slot 42. This communicates with a stem hole formed in an upper protuberance 43 carried by :in extension pipe 44 projecting from the shell. The extension pipe 44 communicates with the longitudinal tube 17 before referred to. Depending from the extension pipe 4l is a lower protuberance 45 having a pocket or recess therein. Carried by the extension pipe 44 is also a fiange 46 whereby it is secured to the engine or induction pipe thereof.

Disposed in the stem hole and socket of the upper and lower protuberances 43 and 45 is a throttle stem 47 passing across the said extension pipe 44 and upstafnding above the same. Intermediately secured to the upper end of the throttle stem 47 above the extension pipe/i4 is a lever 48. Pivotally connectedto one end of the lever 4S is an operating link 49. Carried by the other end of the lever 4S is an adjustable limit stop which may include a screw 50.

Formed in one side of the upper end of the throttle stem 47 is an elongated opening or slot 51 corresponding with the elongated opening or slot 42 formed in the upper protuberance 43 upon the extension pipe 44. Communicating with the elongated opening or slot 51 and within the throttle stem 47 is a transfer passageway 52 communicating with which are two opposite outwardly and downwardly inclined delivery passages 53. The throttle stem 47 passes through a cen tra] hole formed in a throttle disk 54. This is disposed in the extension pipe 44 and is removably secured to the said stem 47 in anv' well known way. The disk 54 is provided with inclined opposite faces 55 as is usual. Passing from each of the said faces 55 is an inwardly and upwardly inclined opposite exit passage 5G. The passages 56 correspond and communicate with the inclined delivery passages 53 of the throttle stem 47.

Disposed within the longitudinal tube 17 extending across the Heat chamber 4 is a removable air supply tube. This in conformation somewhat resembles two cones joined at their apices and consists of an air inlet coned end 57 and a mixture delivery coned end 56. the latter adjoining the extension pipe 44 of the shell. F ormcd in the inlet end 57 of the air supply tube are slotways 59 to pass the needle valve guide 21 beforementioned. Formed in the top of the said tube is a hole 60 vbelow which is a jet hole 61. l

Formed in the longitudinal tube 17 and corresponding with the jet hole 61 of the air supply tube is a central internally threaded hole. Engaging the internal thread is the external thread of a main or high speed jet 62 having a jointing fiange G3 below which are flats (i4 for engagement by a suitable box spanner. Formed through the jet (52 is a central hole or orice 65. The said Iiet 62 at its upper end is reduced as at 6G. Around the reduced end 66 is a circumferential step or shoulder 67. from the circumferential step or shoulder is a wall (58 the annular space between which and the reduced upper end 6G of the jet forms a pick up well. The wall 68 is higher than the reduced upper end 66 of the jet 62.y

Formed in the float chamber 4 below the jet 62 is a threaded hole closed by a removable plug 69 in order to provide access to the jet when necessary.

Depending into the pick up well of the jet G2 and passing across the air supply tube at the junction of the apices of the cones thereof, is the lower end of a central tube 70, the tube 70 being hollow to permit air to be drawn therethrough into the well. Formed in the lower end of the tube is a plurality of opposite airy openings or slots 71. The tube 70 is provided with a threaded upper end 72 having a milled finger edge 73. The upper end is threaded into a central guide 74 opstanding in the float chamber 4 from the longitudinal tube 17 extending across the same. Formed in the outer surface of the guide 74 at one side thereof is a pin pocketr75 engaged by the inner end of the retaining pin 25 of the cover 22 before alluded to. Upstanding from the top of the guide 74 are the lower ends of two opposite uprights 76 carried by the upper ends of which is a collar 77 having an internal thread. Engaging the internal thread of the collar 77 is the external thread of a head 78 carried by the outer end of the stem 79 oi a high speed adiusting needle, the said head 78 having a` milled finger edge 80.

The stem 7 9 passes through the central tube Y 70. The inner end 81 of the stem 79 is coned and controls the orifice 65 of the mainjet 62 before alluded to.

With this invention petrol flows to the Heat chamber 4 in the ordinary way and enters the same until the floats 13 have risen a predetermined distance. As the floats rise they swing the vertical members 'l2 on the pivots of the outturned pins 18. thereby partially turning the rocking cross member l 11 andra using the arm 1() of the said mem.-

ber to descend. The arms 10 are in engagement with the collar 8 of the needle valve 7 which is closed upon its seating 5 and cuts off the supply of petrol. Should it become T 'i necessary to remove either the needle valve 7 or floats 13 or both it is only necessary to compress the legs 19 of the spring bow 20 when the floats 13 and needle valve 7 are immediately freed and may be Withdrawn Upstanding i mixing chamber 35. The petrol rises in the well to the level of the petrol in the float chamber 4. Before attempting to start the engine the throttle is very slightly openedl disengaging the inclined faces or sides 55 of its disk 54 from the walls of the extension pipe 44. Upon the engine shaft being turned for starting the engine the pistons cause a suction through the inwardly and upwardly inclined exit passages 56 of the throttle disk 54 which in. turn communicate with the outwardly and downwardly inclined passages 53 of the throttle stem 47. The elongated opening 51 in the stem 47 is opposite or corresponds with the elongated opening 42 communicating with the mixture transfer passageway 41 of the slow speed mixing chamber 35. Therefore upon the engine sucking through the said passageways 56, 53, 52 and 41 it obtains a rich mixture from the well 34 `of the said slow speed mixing chamber 35. This starts the engine. When the en 'ne has exhausted the supply from the well-134 the lower end of the slow speed air tube 36 is uncovered and air passes through the inlet holes 37 of the tube, through the said tube and mixes with the petrol inflowin from the second passageway 33. It is o vious that by adjusting the slow speed needle 39 the quantity of petrol permitted to enter may be varied. The adjustment is effected without displacing any parts, from the outside of the carbureter. The engine is now receivin a mixture for slow running, the throttle eing but very slightly open. Air, however, is sucked through the air supply tube 57, 58 and extension pipe 44, the inclined passages 56 in the throttle disk 54 terminating at the middle of the periphery thereof in order to be disposed where the highest velocity of the incoming air occurs. Upon the throttle being opened wider it is obvious that the elongated opening or slot 51 in the throttle stem 47 will immediatel bel closed and the slow speed mixture positively cut oi. The engine continuing in its motion sucks through the air supply tube 57, 58. The upper end of the main jet 62 projects into this tube.

. Petrol passing into the main jet 62 from the iioat chamber 4 overflows the reduced up er end 66 of the said jet and fills the pick up well thereof to the same level as the petrol level in the carbureter. The well of petrol at the up er end of the said jet 62 is thus immediate y drawn upon by the in flowing air passing over it. The mixture is therefore not suddenly changed and the engine does-not immediately receive a weaker mixture, although the throttle has been opened. The quantity of spirit in the well is adjusted by the tube 70. As the suction of the engine continues the well of the main jet is emptied of petrol. Incoming air through the air supply tube 57, 58 passes through the openings 71 formed in the lower end of the central tube and across the jet. This induces air to pass down through the tube 70 also and mix with the-petrol passing from the jet orice 65. It is obviohs that the hi h speed adjusting needle 79 may regulate t e quantity of petrol passing through the jet 62. When the engine is running at high speed the velocity of the air passing down through the tube 70 tends to prevent petrol passing from the jet 62, providing economy. When the throttle is suddenly closed, also, the construction provides economy as there is no direct suction upon the jet orifice 65 surrounded by the tube 70.

The spirit ori petrol doesl not continue to flow, as hitherto, as the rtube 70 provides atmospheric pressureabove the jet 62 and prevents any tendency to the formation of a vacuum. Any flow of spirit simply fills the pick up well. Further, should the engine be running down hill, for exam le, and the throttle be closed to such a position that the elongated openings 42 and 51 relative to slow speed running correspond, petrol will not be needlessly induced continuously into the engine as through the air passing at a high velocity down the slow speed air tube 36 the petrol after the starting well 34 has been emptied is forced backwardly into the oat chamber 4 or prevented from iowing therefrom into the mixing chamber 35. The amount of petrol mixing with the indrawn air is negligible.

Having now fully described and ascertained my said inventionnnd the manner in which it is to be performed I declare that what I claim is 1. An improved carbureter for internal combustion engines, consisting in the oombination of means for providing a. rich starting and slow speed mixture, means for retarding the delivery of the spirit to form the slow speed mixture if drawn upon with the engine running at a comparatively high speed, means for positively cutting off the slow speed mixture, means for providing a comparatively weak and high speed mixture, means for providing an air supply to proportionately retard the delivery of spirit to form the high speed mixture as the speed increases, and means for providing a rich mixture while changing from the slow speed mixture to the high speed mixture.

2. An improved carbureter for inter al combustion engines, consisting in the c mbination of means for providing a rich starting.` and slow speed mixture, means for reweak and high speed mixture, means tarding the delivery of the spirit to form the slow speed mixture if drawn upon with the engine running at a comparativelyv high speed, means for providing -a eomparativly or providing an air supply to proportionately retard the deliver)v of spirit to form the high speed mixture as the speed increases, and means for providing a rich mixture while changing from the slow speed mixture to the high speedv mixture.

3. An improved carbureter for internal combustion' engines., consisting in the combination of a float chamber, a removable air supply tube` passing through said chamber, a main jet projecting into said tube7 said jet having a L"pick up well formed at its upper end into which well spirit overfows from the jet, an adjustable tube depending into the piek up well and encircling the upper end of the jet, air inlet openings formed in the tube above the jet, and a needle passing through the tube and regulating the quantity of spirit passing from the jet.

4. In an improved carburetor for internal combustion engines, the combination of a lloat chamber having delivery passages passing therefrom, a slow speed mixing chamber communicating with the passages, said chamber having a starting Well in communication with the passages, a slow speed air tube entering into the starting well, air passing through the tube in a direction opposing the entrance of spirit into the well, a needle passing through the air tube and regulating the quantity of spirit entering into the well, said mixing chamber having a transfer passage passing therefrom. said passage terminating in an elongated opening or slot, a throttle stem having a corresponding elongated opening or slot therein, a throttle disk carried by the stem, said stem and disk hav ing inclined passages therein Communicating `vith the elongated opening ot' the stem and the periphery of the dish. sai'd inclined pas` sages terminating at opposite sides of the disk and in a horizontal line with the center thereof.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto afiixed my signature in the presence of two subscribing witnesses,

` AUSTIN OGONNUR. Witnesses 1 CECIL YV. LE PLAs'rmnn, Gnonon A. URes. 

